Part3_wall_framing

Construction TechnologyHOUSING UNIT (TCJ2O)
Housing Unit: Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4

** Part 3: WALL FRAMING **


 * Wall Framing -** common wall framing for our climate will require 2” * 6” exterior studs and 2”*4” interior wall studs with either 16” or 24” inch centers. The exterior walls are always built first laying down flat on the floor. After all the studs are in place the exterior sheathing is applied and the wall is tipped up into place. Temporary braces are attached to hold the wall vertical until ajoining walls will hold it in place.

Exterior sheathing could be many things such as plywood, aspenite, Styrofoam, or other insulating materials.

All loads over any openings (doors and windows) must be transferred to the floor. This is done by building a solid wood beam (normally out of 2 x 8's or 2 x 10's) the length of the opening plus three inches. This will allow for a shorter stud (trimmer stud) to go at each under the beam and down to the floor thus transferring the load to the floor. Larger openings will require larger stock for the wooden beams known as headers also the trimmer stud can be doubled at each end. Where exterior walls form corners a multiple stud arrangement is used. This is to supply a nailing surface for interior wall sheathing (drywall for example).

** Model House Instructions  **
 * Model Wall Framing -** in building the walls for your model you must consider the following ; the walls must be thick enough to insulate to building code requirements for this region ( standard is 2 x 6 framing ), the stud spacing must accommodate interior sheathing ( drywall ) as well as the exterior finish ( this could mean the walls have to be strapped if the siding was to be vertical ), perhaps most important is to carry any loads from above the wall and over any openings ( windows and doors for example ). The material you are to use for the wall framing will be 1/4" * 1/2" for the exterior walls and 1/4" * 3/8" for the interior walls.

1. **Exterior Studs:** (2) 1/4" * 1/2" * 10" pine. 2.  **Exterior Wall Plates:** (2) 1/4" x 1/2" x 5 1/2" pine. 3. **Studs:** (n/a) 1/4" x 1/2" x 6" pine.  4.  **Interior Studs:** (2) 1/4" x 3/8" x 5 1/2" pine 5. **Interior wall plates:** (2) 1/4" x 3/8" x 9 1/8" pine
 * Bill of Materials and Cutting Plan for Wall Framing **

1. For your exterior wall plates, consult the floor plan for stud spacing and any window and door opening sizes and placements.
 * Layout **

2. The amount needed can be determined by counting the markings on your plates.

3. Using the hot glue gun assemble the two exterior walls as you did the floor. To start only glue in the full length studs.

4. Glue the Headers (also called Lintels) over the door and window openings, Trimmer Studs,

5. Cripple Studs, and Bottom Headers (also known as Rough Sills).

6. For your interior wall plates, consult the floor plan for stud spacing and any archway locations and their sizes.

7. Cut the studs needed 6" long out of the 3/8" material. Glue together using the same method as for the exterior walls.


 * 8. **Cut and glue your Double Top Plates in place, don't forget to overlap in the corners to tie them together.

9. Using the 1/8" masonite cut some exterior wall sheathing. Make one corner of each wavy to show the studs and insulation.

Name: Answers can be found starting on page 172.
 * WALL FRAMING **

1) Why is the second top plate nailed on after all the walls are built and put into place?

2) Why are studs placed at 400 mm O.C. (16 inches)?

3) Why are several studs placed in the corners and where partition walls meet with each other/

4) Why is let in bracing not required when wood sheathing is applied?

5) Solid wood beams are built over the windows because.

6) The studs holding up the header over the windows and doors are called what?

7) Sketch the corner framing studs “B” in figure 5-6 on page 174. This is also how each of your four corners should look on your model.

8) What are the advantages to using plywood as your exterior sheathing?

9) In Canada we have not fully converted to the metric system especially in the construction industry. Remember 1” = 25.45 mm when answering the following questions. Note that “= inches and ‘ = feet.

a) - A stud spacing of 400mm = inches

b) – A 2” x 4” = mm x mm.

c) – A piece of plywood 48” x 96” would be mm x mm.

d) – A framing square that is 400mm x 600mm would be “x “.

10)  If a wall is 8’ high and 48’ in length how many 4’ x 8’ sheets of plywood are needed to sheath the wall?